Gambling is the wagering of something of value (such as money or other items) on an event involving chance, with the intent of winning a prize. This activity can occur at places like casinos, racetracks and on the Internet.
While most people gamble responsibly, a small percentage become excessively involved and continue to gamble despite negative personal, social, and financial consequences. These individuals may be diagnosed with pathological gambling.
Pathological gambling is associated with a number of problems, including:
(1) a sense that one is being cheated or taken advantage of; (2) feelings of helplessness, guilt, anxiety, depression, and/or suicidal thoughts; (3) a persistent desire to win more money; (4) lying to family members, therapists, or others to conceal the extent of involvement with gambling; and (5) engaging in illegal activities (such as forgery, fraud, theft, embezzlement) to finance gambling.
Gambling is a highly addictive behaviour that often triggers feelings of excitement and euphoria, which are linked to the brain’s reward system. However, gambling is not a lucrative way to make money and it always involves risk. People gamble for a variety of reasons, including to alleviate stress; to socialize with friends; to take their minds off worries; and for the thrill of winning. People who are unable to control their gambling and have severe problems are sometimes referred for evaluation in primary care settings. Framing the issue as a health matter helps to reduce resistance to assessment and intervention.